You are looking at the HTML representation of the XML format.
HTML is good for debugging, but is unsuitable for application use.
Specify the format parameter to change the output format.
To see the non HTML representation of the XML format, set format=xml.
See the complete documentation, or API help for more information. 
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<api>
  <query>
    <pages>
      <page pageid="224" ns="6" title="File:The Kings Arms by Stirzaker.jpg" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2022-09-11T22:56:25Z" user="Robinsonj" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
      <page pageid="312" ns="6" title="File:Yard 126 Highgate Two Seater Yard OS 1st Edn Kendal - Westmorland XXXVIII.8.2 1-500 1858.png" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2026-09-07T16:43:13Z" user="Robinsonj" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
      <page pageid="313" ns="6" title="File:Yard 126 Two Seater yard Highgate.jpg" imagerepository="local">
        <imageinfo>
          <ii timestamp="2026-09-07T17:14:27Z" user="Robinsonj" />
        </imageinfo>
      </page>
    </pages>
  </query>
</api>